Germany — Citizenship Guide

Why Germany?

German citizenship gives you the right to live and work anywhere in the European Union and one of the world’s most powerful passports. Since the 2024 reform, Germany now permits multiple citizenship, removing a historic barrier for many applicants.

Citizenship by descent

German nationality follows the jus sanguinis (right of blood) principle:

• A child born to a German parent is generally a German citizen, regardless of birthplace.
• Children born abroad to a German parent born abroad after 1999 may need to be registered within one year of birth.
• Specific restoration provisions exist for descendants of people persecuted under the Nazi regime, and for children born before 1975 to German mothers.

Naturalisation

Since 27 June 2024, you can naturalise after 5 years of lawful residence (reduced from 8), or 3 years with exceptional integration (e.g. strong German-language skills or outstanding civic engagement). You must generally be able to support yourself and hold permanent residence or an equivalent status.

Dual citizenship

Dual citizenship is now allowed — you are no longer required to renounce your existing citizenship.

Fees & timeline

The naturalisation fee is €255 per person (€51 for children who naturalise with a parent). Processing times vary widely by municipality, so confirm current figures with your local authority.